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Duke大学华人科学家张军锋发现:空气污染会增加肥胖和糖尿病风险
Duke大学华人科学家张军锋发现:空气污染会增加肥胖和糖尿病风险
来源:合众社 | 作者:枫渔 编译 | 2016/2/22 1:28:28 | 浏览:3722 | 评论:0

Duke大学华人科学家张军锋发现:空气污染会增加肥胖和糖尿病风险

根据一项最新的将大鼠暴露于北京高污染空气中的实验研究结果,科学家们发现空气污染会增加肥胖和糖尿病的风险。

美国杜克大学和北京大学的科学家们发现:污染的空气可以导致大鼠出现代谢功能障碍,与那些不暴露在污染空气下的大鼠相比,前者更容易肥胖并患上糖尿病。

中国首都北京以及其他地方的空气污染业已成为近些年来人们最为关注的健康问题,2015年中国曾在两周之内发出两次空气污染红色警报。

此前的研究表明空气污染会导致器官和循环系统出现氧化应激和炎症,并会导致死亡人数的增加。

Duke大学华人科学家张军锋发现:空气污染会增加肥胖和糖尿病风险

杜克大学全球环境健康教授张军锋(Junfeng Zhang)表示,如果最新的实验结果在人类中也是同样的,那么就需要立即减少空气污染。

这一最新研究发表于《美国实验生物学学会联合会期刊》(Journal of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology)。

科学家们将大鼠分良渚放在北京受到污染的空气之中和净化过滤过的空气之中,经过19天的实验,科学家们发现暴露在污染空气中的大鼠体内的坏胆固醇水平比正常对照组的大鼠高出50%,三酸甘油酯高出46%,总胆固醇和胰岛素抗性高出97%。那些暴露在污染空气中的大鼠在八周时间内体重比正常空气中的大鼠增加得更多。

张军锋认为,由于慢性炎症时造成肥胖的因素之一,糖尿病和肥胖之间有着紧密的联系,因而这一最新研究说明如果长期暴露在污染空气之中,的确会增加肥胖的风险。

Exposure to Air Pollution Increases the Risk of Obesity

If findings of rat study are verified in humans, urgent action needed

 
Duke大学华人科学家张军锋发现:空气污染会增加肥胖和糖尿病风险
Palaces, avenues, buildings, parks, and scenery around China's Capital Forbidden City under the pollution of present day Beijing in September 2013. Image by Yinan Chen via Wikimedia Commons

Durham, NC - Laboratory rats who breathed Beijing’s highly polluted air gained weight and experienced cardio-respiratory and metabolic dysfunctions after three to eight weeks of exposure. 

A study appearing in the March issue of the Journal of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology(FASEB)placed pregnant rats and their offspring in two chambers, one exposed to outdoor Beijing air and the other containing an air filter that removed most of the air pollution particles.

After only 19 days, the lungs and livers of pregnant rats exposed to the polluted air were heavier and showed increased tissue inflammation. These rats had 50 percent higher LDL cholesterol; 46 percent higher triglycerides; and 97 percent higher total cholesterol. Their insulin resistance level, a precursor of Type 2 diabetes, was higher than their clean air-breathing counterparts. 

All of these measures support the study’s conclusion that air pollution exposure results in metabolic dysfunction, a precursor to obesity. Indeed, pollution-exposed rats were significantly heavier at the end of their pregnancy even though the rats in both groups were fed the same diet.

Similar results were shown in the rat offspring, which were kept in the same chambers as their mothers. 

However, the results showed that the negative effects of air pollution were less pronounced after three weeks than they were at eight weeks, suggesting that long-term exposure may be needed to generate the continuous inflammatory and metabolic changes that ultimately increase body weight. At eight weeks old, female and male rats exposed to the pollution were 10 percent and 18 percent heavier, respectively, than those exposed to clean air.

The results of this study, which was funded by several agencies of the Chinese government, are consistent with other studies that show air pollution induces oxidative stress and inflammation in the organs and circulatory system. The findings also echo previous studies linking air pollution with increased insulin resistance and altered fat tissue.

“Since chronic inflammation is recognized as a factor contributing to obesity and since metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity are closely related, our findings provide clear evidence that chronic exposure to air pollution increases the risk for developing obesity,” said Junfeng “Jim” Zhang, a professor of global and environmental health at Duke University and Duke Kunshan University and a senior author of the paper. 

“If translated and verified in humans, these findings will support the urgent need to reduce air pollution, given the growing burden of obesity in today’s highly polluted world,” Zhang said.

This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(#21190051 and #21477119), the Open Fund of the State key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and pollution Control(#13K03ESPCP), and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(#201003010). 

CITATION: "Chronic Exposure to Air Pollution Particles Increases the Risk of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome:Findings from a Natural Experiment in Beijing," Yongjie Wei, Junfeng(Jim)Zhang, Zhigang Li, Andrew Gow, Kian Fan Chung, Min Hu, Zhongsheng Sun, Limin Zeng, Tong Zhu, Guang Jia, Xiaoqian Li, Marlyn Duarte, Xiaoyan Tang. Journal of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology(FASEB), March 2016.
DOI:10.1096/fj.201500142
http://www.fasebj.org/content/early/2016/02/18/fj.201500142.abstract

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