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加州理工学院科学家揭穿五大地震谣言
加州理工学院科学家揭穿五大地震谣言
来源:ABC | 作者:李怡 编译 | 2016/10/26 9:33:00 | 浏览:2222 | 评论:0

加州理工学院科学家揭穿五大地震谣言

Scientists at Pasadena's California Institute of Technology debunked five of the most popular myths about earthquakes.

Caltech Seismologist Dr. Jennifer Andrews helped clarify many of the biggest myths surrounding earthquakes when she visited ABC7.

Myth No. 1:During a big earthquake, California will fall into the ocean.
"Firstly, the ocean isn't just some big hole and we're just going to fall off and disappear beneath the waves. And actually the truth is that the San Andreas is a lateral fault, so actually southwestern California is moving up toward Alaska and Los Angeles is moving up toward San Francisco very slowly," Andrews said.

Myth No. 2:Small earthquakes prevent larger quakes.
"Because the earthquake magnitude is algorithmic, for every one change in magnitude we have 30 times change in energy release. It's just not possible for us to have enough magnitude 3s to make up for that magnitude 7. You just can't fit them all in," Andrews stated.

Myth No. 3:A doorway is the safest place to be during an earthquake.
"I find this myth fascinating because of where it came from. It comes from when buildings had a very different manufacturing style and the last thing standing was the doorway. Nowadays, I'm afraid the door is more dangerous to you, so drop, cover and hold on. Get under that table, hold onto that desk and that's the safest place to be," Andrews explained.

Myth No. 4:Earthquakes are more likely in certain kinds of weather.
"There is no such thing as earthquake weather, so it's not always going to be the same. However, there is also an interesting side to this myth in that there is an interaction between the weather and earthquakes, but only for very, very small ones. There's a bit more science to it, but no, we can definitely say there's no such thing as earthquake weather," Andrews clarified.

Myth No. 5:Scientists can predict earthquakes.
"Sadly no. I have to say we have tried everything. People have tried watching animals, they've tried electromagnetic signals, gas emissions, weather, everything, and just nothing works. There is some truth to animals reacting slightly before people(in earthquakes), but it's partly because we think they can sense foreshock activity that maybe humans aren't sensitive to. But no, they're no use in us predicting particularly useful earthquakes," Andrews said.

加州理工学院科学家揭穿五大地震谣言

帕萨迪纳市加州理工学院的科学家近日揭穿了5项流传甚广的关于地震的谣言。

据美国广播公司第7频道新闻网报道,加州理工学院地震学家珍妮弗•安德鲁斯(Jennifer Andrews)博士通过ABC7频道向公众澄清多个有关地震的谬传。

谣言1:发生大地震时,加州将潜入大洋

“首先,海洋并不是一些巨大的洞穴,我们会掉落进去然后在消失在海底。真相是,圣安地列斯是横向断层,所以加州西南部是在向阿拉斯加州移动,洛杉矶是向旧金山慢慢移动。”安德鲁斯说。

谣言2:小地震的发生能阻止大地震

“地震震级的算法是有规则的。在震级上改变一度意味着释放的能量改变了30倍。我们不可能用几个3级地震来抵消一次7级地震。”

谣言3:门口是发生地震时的最佳避难处

“这个谣言很吸引人。从前的建筑物无论什么建筑风格,它们大门总是挺立着。但现在我认为门口非常危险。所以记住‘伏倒、掩护、抓住’。钻到桌子底下,紧紧抓住它。这才是最安全的地方。”安德鲁斯说。

谣言4:地震更可能在特定天气下发生

“没有所谓的‘地震天气’。发生地震的天气并不都是一样的。认同这一条谣言的人认为天气和地震会有一定的相互作用。这听起来好像很科学,然而我们可以明确地说,并没有‘地震天气’这种东西。”

谣言5:科学家可以预知地震

“很遗憾这不可能。我必须说,我们已经尝试了所有方法。人们尝试观察动物、电磁信号、瓦斯、天气,所有都试过了,但还是不可能。动物在地震中的反应比人类要提前一些,这有一定的科学依据。人们认为动物能察觉到人们不敏感的震前活动。但其实它们在预测地震方面并没有很大用处。”安德鲁斯说。

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